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summary zum Beitrag:
Körperdissoziation als Traumafolge
erschienen in Heft 3 / 2010; 64. Jahrgang
Body dissociation as a consequence of trauma
The differentiation of the body-self (alongside objects of the outside world) from the indivisible psychosomatic overall self is followed by integration into the representation of the self. Early traumas probably disturb this integration, while later traumas grafted onto the earlier ones frequently lead to dissociation of the body-self as one form of the many dissociative phenomena observable in the post-traumatic stage. Dissociation means that the individual’s own body can be used like an external object. It can represent both good and evil mother objects and can also stand for the traumatized child. The purpose of both peri- and post-traumatic dissociation is localization of traumatic violence penetrating the self, i.e. the dissociated body (traumatic introject) and thus surviving the overall self because the body is sacrificed. It is probable that various symptom complexes correspond to the various time-points and forms of traumatization: psychosomatic symptoms, conversion, acts of self-mutilation, hypochondria. Today we can observe a shift of bodily symptomatology away from hysteria toward contemporary forms of bodily enactment like self-mutilation or eating disorders. These are a continuation of socially sanctioned types of body manipulation that have existed since time immemorial. Parallels are also to be found in non-pathological forms practiced by contemporary youngsters, such as piercing and tattooing (signs of rebellion). All these changes to the body ensure (or are at least designed to ensure) identity. Among »primitive« peoples this takes place in an established social framework, in adolescents they take the form of a temporary counter-identity, in pathological cases they function as an emergency measure for stabilizing the ego.
Keywords: body dissociation; trauma; body-self; body-manipulation
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